Hydrochloric acid: applications and safety regulations

Hydrochloric acid, also known as muriatic acid, is a strong inorganic acid widely used across industrial sectors. Thanks to its corrosive strength and reactivity, it plays a key role in metal treatment, wastewater neutralisation, and chemical synthesis.

However, due to its hazardous nature, its handling requires strict safety protocols and well-defined procedures for both transportation and industrial use.

Industrial applications of hydrochloric acid

Hydrochloric acid is a versatile chemical used in a wide range of industries. Its main applications include:

• Metal pickling – removes rust and oxides from steel surfaces prior to galvanising or coating
• pH adjustment – used in wastewater treatment to neutralise alkaline effluents
•  Chemical synthesis – acts as a raw material for producing chlorides, solvents, colourants, and pharmaceutical intermediates
• Ore processing and mineral extraction – helps dissolve carbonates and oxides to extract pure metals
• Food processing (technical grade only) – used in starch conversion and additive production (not for direct food contact)

Handling and safety regulations

Hydrochloric acid is classified as a corrosive substance (GHS05).

Personnel working with it must wear acid-resistant gloves, safety goggles, protective clothing, and respiratory equipment if required. Facilities should be equipped with local exhaust ventilation systems, secondary containment, and neutralisation equipment.

Transport is governed by the ADR framework for hazardous materials and must use certified containers such as IBCs, plastic drums, or tankers.

ECSA Chemicals ensures safe and compliant deliveries with ISO 9001 and SQAS certified processes across Switzerland and the EU.

You can learn more about storage, handling and regulatory standards in our Industrial Chemicals category or the FAQ section.

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